{"id":810,"date":"2026-04-15T13:14:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T13:14:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=810"},"modified":"2026-04-15T13:14:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T13:14:17","slug":"fabrication-and-use-of-high-speed-concentric-h-and-ca2-selective-microelectrodes-suitable-for-in-vitro-extracellular-recording","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=810","title":{"rendered":"Fabrication and Use of High-Speed, Concentric H<sup>+<\/sup>&#8211; and Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>-Selective Microelectrodes Suitable for In Vitro Extracellular Recording"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>DOI:<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00258.2006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.1152\/jn.00258.2006<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Authors:<\/h4>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456\u044f \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0440\u043a\u043e, Nataliya Svichar, Mitchell Chesler<\/p>\n<h4>Abstract:<\/h4>\n<p>Ion-selective microelectrodes (ISMs) have been used extensively in neurophysiological studies. ISMs selective for H(+) and Ca(2+) are notable for their sensitivity and selectivity, but suffer from a slow response time, and susceptibility to noise because of the high electrical resistance of the respective ion exchange cocktails. These drawbacks can be overcome by using a \u00ab\u00a0coaxial\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0concentric\u00a0\u00bb inner micropipette to shunt the bulk of the ion exchanger resistance. This approach was used decades ago to record extracellular [Ca(2+)] transients in cat cortex, but has not been subsequently used. Here, we describe a method for the rapid fabrication of concentric pH- and Ca(2+)-selective microelectrodes useful for extracellular studies in brain slices or other work in vitro. Construction was simplified compared with previous implementations, by using commercially available, thin-walled borosilicate glass, drawing an outer barrel with a rapid taper (similar to a patch pipette), and by use of a quick and reliable silanization procedure. Using a piezoelectric stepper to effect a rapid solution change, the response time constants of the concentric pH and Ca(2+)-electrodes were 14.9 +\/- 1.3 and 5.3 +\/- 0.90 ms, respectively. Use of these concentric ISMs is demonstrated in rat hippocampal slices. Activity-dependent, extracellular pH, and [Ca(2+)] transients are shown to arise two- to threefold faster, and attain amplitudes two- to fourfold greater, when recorded by concentric versus conventional ISMs. The advantage of concentric ISMs for studies of ion transport and ion diffusion is discussed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DOI: 10.1152\/jn.00258.2006 Authors: \u041d\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456\u044f \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0456\u0440\u043a\u043e, Nataliya Svichar, Mitchell Chesler Abstract: Ion-selective microelectrodes (ISMs) have been used extensively in neurophysiological studies. ISMs selective for H(+) and Ca(2+) are notable for their sensitivity and selectivity, but suffer from a slow response time, and susceptibility to noise because of the high electrical resistance of the respective ion exchange [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rsc-200"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/810\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}