{"id":78,"date":"2026-04-16T06:35:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T06:35:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=78"},"modified":"2026-04-16T06:35:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T06:35:57","slug":"flexible-gel-polymer-electrolytes-based-on-carboxymethyl-cellulose-blended-with-polyvinyl-alcohol-or-polyacrylic-acid-for-zinc%e2%80%90air-batteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=78","title":{"rendered":"Flexible Gel Polymer Electrolytes Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Blended with Polyvinyl Alcohol or Polyacrylic Acid for Zinc\u2010Air Batteries"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>DOI:<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/batt.202200570\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.1002\/batt.202200570<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Authors:<\/h4>\n<p>Estibaliz Garc\u00eda\u2010Gait\u00e1n, Domenico Frattini, Idoia Ruiz de Larramendi, Mar\u00eda Mart\u00ednez\u2010Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, D. Gonz\u00e1lez, Michel Armand, Nagore Ortiz\u2010Vitoriano<\/p>\n<h4>Abstract:<\/h4>\n<p>Abstract Flexible zinc\u2010air batteries are based on gel polymer electrolytes (GPE), soft, semi\u2010solid components devoted to liquid electrolyte retention, ion conduction, and mechanical stability. Many synthetic polymers, and their blends, have been used in early works due to the good compromise between ionic conductivity, electrolyte retention, and mechanical resistance. Naturally occurring biopolymers are a great alternative to increase the sustainability of GPE, but present properties are not sufficient. In this work, the blending of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyacrylic acid (PAA) is studied together with synthesis, cross\u2010linking, and liquid electrolyte embedding method. The CMC : PAA (1 : 2) composite, with ex\u2010situ gel embedding of 8 M KOH electrolyte achieved ionic conductivity of 0.231 S cm \u22121 at room temperature, high liquid electrolyte uptake and retention, providing a 78 % of zinc utilization and 443.19 Wh kg \u22121 as energy density for assembled primary zinc\u2010air battery. The CMC : PAA and CMC : PVA also showed unexpected self\u2010healing behavior activated by re\u2010wetting with liquid KOH solution and drying.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DOI: 10.1002\/batt.202200570 Authors: Estibaliz Garc\u00eda\u2010Gait\u00e1n, Domenico Frattini, Idoia Ruiz de Larramendi, Mar\u00eda Mart\u00ednez\u2010Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez, D. Gonz\u00e1lez, Michel Armand, Nagore Ortiz\u2010Vitoriano Abstract: Abstract Flexible zinc\u2010air batteries are based on gel polymer electrolytes (GPE), soft, semi\u2010solid components devoted to liquid electrolyte retention, ion conduction, and mechanical stability. Many synthetic polymers, and their blends, have been used in early [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[34],"class_list":["post-78","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bcs-800-battery-cycler","tag-battery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=78"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=78"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=78"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=78"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}