{"id":1012,"date":"2026-04-15T12:47:06","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T12:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=1012"},"modified":"2026-04-15T12:47:06","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T12:47:06","slug":"redox%e2%80%90mediated-red%e2%80%90phosphorous-semi%e2%80%90liquid-anode-enabling-metal%e2%80%90free-rechargeable-na%e2%80%90seawater-batteries-with-high-energy-density","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/?p=1012","title":{"rendered":"Redox\u2010Mediated Red\u2010Phosphorous Semi\u2010Liquid Anode Enabling Metal\u2010Free Rechargeable Na\u2010Seawater Batteries with High Energy Density"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>DOI:<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aenm.202102061\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.1002\/aenm.202102061<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Authors:<\/h4>\n<p>Yongil Kim, Yongil Kim, Alberto Varzi, Alessandro Mariani, Guk\u2010Tae Kim, Youngsik Kim, Youngsik Kim, Stefano Passerini<\/p>\n<h4>Abstract:<\/h4>\n<p>Abstract Sodium\u2010seawater batteries (Na\u2010SWB) are considered among the most promising electrochemical devices for large\u2010scale energy storage and the marine sector. In fact, by employing an open\u2010structured cathode, they benefit from the unlimited supply of sodium from seawater. This means, that the energy of such systems is intrinsically limited by the capacity of the anode. In order to increase the energy of Na\u2010SWB, it is therefore necessary to introduce a high\u2010capacity anode such as, e.g., red phosphorus. However, due to its large volume changes upon charge\/discharge processes, obtaining thick electrodes and large areal capacity is extremely challenging. Herein, the areal\/absolute capacity of the red phosphorus anode is increased by employing a semi\u2010liquid electrode, which includes two redox mediators, i.e., sodium\u2010biphenyl and sodium\u2010pyrene, as reducing and oxidizing species for the exploitation of the full red phosphorus capacity. As a result, the red phosphorus semi\u2010liquid anode in Na\u2010SWB provides a high\u2010capacity of 15 mAh cm \u20132 in a static anode, showing great energy storage potential for operation in flow\u2010mode when storing the semi\u2010liquid negative electrode in a storage tank.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DOI: 10.1002\/aenm.202102061 Authors: Yongil Kim, Yongil Kim, Alberto Varzi, Alessandro Mariani, Guk\u2010Tae Kim, Youngsik Kim, Youngsik Kim, Stefano Passerini Abstract: Abstract Sodium\u2010seawater batteries (Na\u2010SWB) are considered among the most promising electrochemical devices for large\u2010scale energy storage and the marine sector. In fact, by employing an open\u2010structured cathode, they benefit from the unlimited supply of sodium [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1012","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bcs-800-battery-cycler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1012","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1012"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1012\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1012"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1012"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/citations.tools.bio-logic.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1012"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}